Influence of Artificial Intelligence and Business Sustainability on Social ImpactEntrepreneurship Among University Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33152/jmphss-10.4.5Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceAbstract
In recent decades, technological transformation and the growing concern for sustainability have redefined the business and educational landscape, positioning Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Business Sustainability (BS) as key factors for the development of Social Impact Entrepreneurship (SIE). To analyze the influence of AI and SE on social impact entrepreneurship (EM) among university students in Peru. A quantitative approach was employed, with an explanatory scope and a non-experimental cross-sectional design. A Likert scale questionnaire was administered to 472 university students from five private universities in North Lima, selected through convenience sampling. The data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression. The statistically relevant associations between artificial intelligence and social impact entrepreneurship (χ² = 168.702; df = 2; p < 0.001) and between business sustainability and social impact entrepreneurship (χ² = 333.040; df = 2; p < 0.001) were revealed by the inferential results. The combined model was also significant (χ² = 339.764; df = 4; p < 0.001), and the Nagelkerke R2 was 0.588. Taking the high category as a reference, the analysis of the coefficients revealed a consistent pattern with a higher probability of achieving higher levels of social impact entrepreneurship as the degrees of artificial intelligence and business sustainability increase. Artificial intelligence and sustainability in companies have an important relationship with social impact entrepreneurship in the analyzed university students, as concluded. The individual business sustainability model exhibited a higher predictive ability, but the combined model had the best fit. However, the results show predictive correlations and do not allow for establishing causal relationships, due to the non-experimental and cross-sectional design.
References
References
Aguirre Benalcázar, M. C., Jaramillo Paredes, M. F., & Romero Hidalgo, O. M. (2025). Sustainable entrepreneurship in emerging economies: The role of financial planning, environmental consciousness, and artificial intelligence in Ecuador—A cross-sectional study. Sustainability, 17(14), 6533. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146533
Aleryani, A. (2024). Digital transformation in higher education in developing countries to promote sustainable development. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 14(2), 128-141. https://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.14.02.2024.p14615
AlQershi, N. A., Saufi, R. B. A., Yaziz, M. F. B. A., Ramayah, T., Muhammad, N. M. N., & Yusoff, M. N. H. B. (2023). The relationship between green entrepreneurship, human capital and business sustainability in Malaysian large manufacturing firms: An empirical study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 192, 122529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122529
Asad, M., Fryan, L. H. A., & Shomo, M. I. (2025). Sustainable entrepreneurial intention among university students: Synergetic moderation of entrepreneurial fear and use of artificial intelligence in teaching. Sustainability, 17(1), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17010290
Ato, M., López, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 1038-1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511
Badghish, S., & Soomro, Y. A. (2024). Artificial intelligence adoption by SMEs to achieve sustainable business performance: Application of technology-organization-environment framework. Sustainability, 16(5), 1864. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16051864
Boone, H. N., & Boone, D. A. (2012). Analyzing Likert data. Journal of Extension, 50(2), Article 48. https://doi.org/10.34068/joe.50.02.48
Calvino, F., Reijerink, J., & Samek, L. (2025). Los efectos de la IA generativa en la productividad, la innovación y el emprendimiento (OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers No. 39). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/b21df222-en
Campos Ríos, M. (2025). Inteligencia artificial y políticas públicas en América Latina y el Caribe. Sistema Económico Latinoamericano y del Caribe. https://sela.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Inteligencia-artificial-y-politicas-publicas-en-ALC-LIBRO.pdf
Camps, C., Kraus, S., Thomas, A., Tiberius, V., & Jones, P. (2025). Digital entrepreneurship ecosystem model: A framework for understanding digital entrepreneurship. Technology in Society. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.103124
D'Armas, M., Mejías, A. A., Fajardo, A., D'Armas, H., Álvarez, W., & Noboa, P. (2022, July 18-22). Self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention in university students: A systematic literature review [Paper presentation]. 20th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education and Technology. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/LACCEI2022.1.1.553
Dávila Morán, R. C., Martin-Bogdanovich, M. M., Zapana Díaz, D., & Velarde Dávila, L. (2022). La educación universitaria y el emprendimiento de los estudiantes de una universidad limeña. Revista Universidad y Sociedad, 14(4), 486-494. http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/rus/v14n4/2218-3620-rus-14-04-486.pdf
Di Vaio, A., Palladino, R., Hassan, R., & Escobar, O. (2020). Artificial intelligence and business models in the sustainable development goals perspective: A systematic literature review. Journal of Business Research, 121, 283-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.019
Duong, C. D., Ta, V. L., & Nguyen, T. H. (2025). How AI-related drivers stimulate digital social entrepreneurship: An integrated framework. Digital Business, 2, 100142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.digbus.2025.100142
Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Ismagilova, E., Aarts, G., Coombs, C., Crick, T., ... Williams, M. D. (2021). Artificial intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research. International Journal of Information Management, 57, 101994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.08.002
Dyllick, T., & Hockerts, K. (2002). Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability. Business Strategy and the Environment, 11(2), 130-141. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.323
Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Capstone.
Escobar-Pérez, J., & Cuervo-Martínez, Á. (2008). Validez de contenido y juicio de expertos: Una aproximación a su utilización. Avances en Medición, 6, 27-36.
Farmanesh, P., Solati Dehkordi, N., Vehbi, A., & Chavali, K. (2025). Artificial intelligence and green innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises and competitive-advantage drive toward achieving sustainable development goals. Sustainability, 17(5), 2162. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052162
Freeman, R. E., & McVea, J. (2001). A stakeholder approach to strategic management. In M. A. Hitt, R. E. Freeman, & J. S. Harrison (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of strategic management (pp. 189-207). Blackwell.
Ganuthula, V. R. R. (2025). AI-enabled individual entrepreneurship theory: Redefining scale, capability, and sustainability in the digital age. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14, Article 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00521-9
Hager, G. D., Drobnis, A. W., Fang, F., Ghani, R., Greenwald, A., Lyons, T., Parkes, D. C., Schultz, J., Saria, S., Smith, S. F., & Tambe, M. (2019). Artificial intelligence for social good. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1901.05406
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Sage.
Hernández-Sampieri, R., & Mendoza, C. (2018). Metodología de la investigación: Las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Intel. (2025). AI for sustainability: Artificial intelligence (AI) for sustainability. https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/learn/ai-for-sustainability.html
International Organization for Standardization. (2010). ISO 26000: Guidance on social responsibility. ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/42546.html
Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2019). Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who's the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 62(1), 15-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.004
Kerlinger, F. N., & Lee, H. B. (2002). Foundations of behavioral research (4th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (5th ed.). Guilford Press.
Kraus, S., Palmer, C., Kailer, N., Kallinger, F. L., & Spitzer, J. (2019). Digital entrepreneurship: A research agenda on new business models for the digital age. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 25(2), 353-375. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2018-0425
Kulkarni, A. V., Joseph, S., & Patil, K. P. (2024). Artificial intelligence technology readiness for social sustainability and business ethics: Evidence from MSMEs in developing nations. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 4(2), 100250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2024.100250
Lans, T., Blok, V., & Wesselink, R. (2014). Learning apart and together: Towards an integrated competence framework for sustainable entrepreneurship in higher education. Journal of Cleaner Production, 62, 37-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.03.036
Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 140, 1-55.
Mamash, A., Iyiola, K., & Aljuhmani, H. Y. (2025). The role of circular economy entrepreneurship, cleaner production, and green government subsidy for achieving sustainability goals in business performance. Sustainability, 17(9), 3990. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093990
McCarthy, J. (2007). What is artificial intelligence? Stanford University. http://jmc.stanford.edu/articles/whatisai.html
Mitchell, T. M. (1997). Machine learning. McGraw-Hill.
Mozqueda Contreras, M., & Campos Sánchez, A. (2025). Efectos de la inteligencia artificial en la responsabilidad social corporativa: Propuesta y validación de un instrumento de medición. RIICO. https://riico.net/index.php/riico/article/view/2420
Organización Internacional del Trabajo. (2021). The role of digital labour platforms in transforming the world of work. https://www.ilo.org/publications/flagship-reports/role-digital-labour-platforms-transforming-world-work
Organización de las Naciones Unidas. (2015). Transformar nuestro mundo: La Agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/es/agenda-2030/
Organización de las Naciones Unidas. (2023). Artificial intelligence and sustainable development. https://www.un.org/en/desa/artificial-intelligence-and-sustainable-development
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2019). Artificial intelligence in society. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/eedfee77-en
Otzen, T., & Manterola, C. (2017). Técnicas de muestreo sobre una población a estudio. International Journal of Morphology, 35(1), 227-232. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022017000100037
Pedroza, A., & Araque Barboza, F. Y. (2023). Emprendimiento al servicio del crecimiento económico, el desarrollo humano y la felicidad social. Económicas CUC, 45(1), e24610. https://doi.org/10.17981/econcuc.Org.4610
Prince, S., Chapman, S., & Cassey, P. (2021). The definition of entrepreneurship: Is it less complex than we think? International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 27(9), 26-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2019-0634
Russell, S. J., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach (4th ed.). Pearson.
Sachs, I. (2015). The age of sustainable development. Columbia University Press.
Scuotto, V., Di Taranto, E., & Della Corte, V. (2025). Social innovation capital in the digital social enterprise context. Journal of Intellectual Capital. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-08-2025-0322
Searle, J. R. (1980). Minds, brains, and programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(3), 417-424. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00005756
Taherdoost, H. (2021). Data collection methods and tools for research: A step-by-step guide to choose data collection technique for academic and business research projects. International Journal of Academic Research in Management, 10(1), 10-38. https://hal.science/hal-03741847v1
Tekala, K., Baradarani, S., Alzubi, A., & Berberoğlu, A. (2024). Green entrepreneurship for business sustainability: Do environmental dynamism and green structural capital matter? Sustainability, 16(13), 5291. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135291
UNESCO. (2022). Recommendation on the ethics of artificial intelligence. https://doi.org/10.54676/ESXP7847
UNESCO. (2023). Artificial intelligence in higher education: Challenges and opportunities. https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/en/artificial-intelligence-higher-education/
United Nations Development Programme. (2023). Human development report 2023-2024. https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2023-24
Vares, H., Kargar Shouraki, M., & Yazdi, N. (2024). Sustainable entrepreneurship in the age of digital transformation. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.5539/jms.v14n2p155
Vásquez-Urriago, Á. R., Barge-Gil, A., & Rico, A. M. (2021). Digital skills and entrepreneurial intentions. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 162, 120406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120406
Wang, C., Chen, M., & Zhang, X. (2025). Integration of entrepreneurial opportunity theories in uncertain scenarios. Journal of Organizational Change. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2025.01.01
World Bank. (2023). Artificial intelligence and the future of work. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/artificial-intelligence
World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our common future. Oxford University Press.
World Economic Forum. (2021). Harnessing artificial intelligence for the Earth. https://www3.weforum.org/docs/Harnessing_Artificial_Intelligence_for_the_Earth_report_2018.pdf
Xie, Y., & Wang, S. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence in entrepreneurship education enhances entrepreneurial intention through self-efficacy and university support. Scientific Reports, 15, 24079. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09545-3
Yang, Y., & An, Y. (2025). Impact of enterprise artificial intelligence on social responsibility: Evidence from text analysis. Finance Research Letters, 75, 106868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2025.106868
Zenozain Cordero, C. R., Pierrend Hernández, S. D., Casaró Llontop, B. A., Manchego Odar, S. M., & Agüero Del Carpio, L. E. (2025). Emprendimiento en el siglo XXI: Una revisión integrativa sobre desafíos contemporáneos y perspectivas emergentes. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17613957
Zeyen, A., Beckmann, M., Müller, S., Khanin, D., Krueger, N., Murphy, P. J., ... Zacharakis, A. (2025). Social entrepreneurship and broader theories: A critical reassessment and future agenda. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2025.2492851
Zhang, Y., & Li, H. (2025). Artificial intelligence technology empowering innovation and entrepreneurship education in university: Paths and practices—A case study of materials science specialties. In Proceedings of the 2025 2nd International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence for Education (ISAIE 2025). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3775073.3775212
Zhao, R., & Niu, L. (2025). Unraveling the mystery of sustainable-oriented innovation: The role of big data knowledge management, resource orchestration capacity, and competitive strategy. Journal of the Knowledge Economy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-024-02259-3
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mg. Milton Ricardo Calderon Pizango, Dr. Patrick Michael Villamizar Morales, Dr. Oscar Nestor Espinoza Paucar, Dr. Daniel Amadeo Robles-Fabián
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
