Counterfeit Intentions of Pakistani Consumers: Effect of Personal and Social Orientation on Counterfeit Purchasing Intentions

  • Ammar Hussain Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
Keywords: Ethical perception, Integrity, Status consumption, Fashion consciousness

Abstract

The issues related to counterfeiting and counterfeit purchase intentions have remained a key concern for researchers as well as practitioners in the marketing field. This study aims to assess the purchase intentions of individuals towards counterfeit products by explaining the relationship between the factors: ethical perception, integrity, status consumption, and fashion consciousness. A sample of 334 individuals was surveyed by using a simple random sampling technique, and the data was analyzed using SPSS. The results of the study show that consumers don't consider it unethical to purchase counterfeit products, as most of the respondents have knowingly purchased these products. The status associated with counterfeit products is found to be an important factor. The consumption of counterfeit products is still a new area of research in developing economies. The majority of the previous research has been conducted in developed economies. This study will provide insight into the underlying factors that motivate individuals toward counterfeit intentions

References

Ang, S.H., Cheng, P.S., Lim, E.A.C. and Tambyah, S.K. (2001). Spot the difference: consumer responses towards counterfeits. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(3), 219-235. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760110392967

Asghar, H. S., Ahmad-ur-Rehman, M., Hussain, Z., & Zulfiqar, S. (2022). Sensory Brand Experience, Price Insensitivity, and Purchase Intention: Mediating Roles of Customer Affective Commitment. International Journal of Business and Economic Affairs, 7(4), 45-53.

Bakhshian, S., Lee, Y. A., & Cao, W. (2019). Psycho-Demographic Determinants of Young Consumers' Purchase Intention toward Counterfeit Apparel in a US Counterfeit Capital. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 47(4), 324-341. https://doi.org/10.1111/fcsr.12309

Bian, X., & Moutinho, L. (2011). Counterfeits and branded products: Effects of counterfeit ownership. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 20(5), 379-393. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610421111157900

Basu, M. M., Basu, S., & Lee, J. (2015). Factors influencing consumer intention to buy counterfeit products. Journal of Business Research, 69(10). 4249-4258 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.02.038

Casidy, R. (2012). Discovering consumer personality clusters in prestige sensitivity and fashion consciousness context. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 24, 291-299. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2012.728506

Chaudary, M. W. T., Ahmed, F., Gill, M. S., & Rizwan, M. (2014). The determinants of purchase intention of consumers towards counterfeit shoes in Pakistan. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 4(3), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v4i3.5847

Chaudhry, P. E., & Stephen, A. S. (2011). Consumer complicity with counterfeit products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 28(2), 139-151. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363761111115980

Davidson, A., Nepomuceno, M. V., & Laroche, M. (2019). Shame on you: When materialism leads to purchase intentions toward counterfeit products. Journal of Business Ethics, 155, 479-494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3565-8

Eastman, J. K., and Eastman. K. L. (2011). Perceptions of status consumption and the economy. Journal of Business & Economics Research, 9(7), 9-20. https://doi.org/10.19030/jber.v9i7.4677

Fernandes, C. (2013). Analysis of Counterfeit Fashion Purchase Behaviour in UAE. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 17(1), 85-97. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612021311305155

Furnham, A and Valgeirsson, Ho (2007). The effect of life values and materialism on buying counterfeit products. The Journal of SocioEconomics, 36(5), 677-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2007.01.004

Gentry, J.W., Putrevu, S. and Shultz, C. J. II (2006). The effects of counterfeiting on consumer search. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 5(3), 245-56. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.176

Gould, S. J. and Stern, B. B. (1989). Gender schema and fashion consciousness. Psychology and Marketing, 6(2), 129-45. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/mar.4220060205

Ha, S., & Lennon, S. (2006). Purchase intent for fashion counterfeit products: Ethical ideologies, ethical judgments, and perceived risks. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 24(4), 297-315. https://doi.org/10.1177/0887302X06293068

Jeong, S. W., Fiore, A. M., Niehm, L. S. and Lorenz, F. O. (2009). The role of experiential value in online shopping: The impacts of product presentation on consumer responses towards an apparel website. Journal of Internet Research, 19(1), 105-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240910927858

Jiang, Y., Miao, M., Jalees, T., & Zaman, S. I. (2019). Analysis of the moral mechanism to purchase counterfeit luxury goods: Evidence from China. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(3), 647-669. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-05-2018-0190

Kautish, P. and Sharma, R. (2018). Consumer values, fashion consciousness and behavioural intentions in the online fashion retail sector. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 46(10). 894-914. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-03-2018-0060

Kim, H., & Karpova, E. E. (2010). Consumer Attitudes Toward Fashion Counterfeits: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 28, 79-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0887302X09332513

Knight, D. K., and E. Y. Kim. (2007). Japanese consumers' need for uniqueness: Effects on brand perceptions and purchase intention. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 11(2), 270-280. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020710751428

Kumar, A., Y.-K.Kim, and L. Pelton. (2009). Indian consumers' purchase behaviour towards US versus local brands. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management 37(6), 510-526. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550910956241

Liao, C. H., & Hsieh, I. Y. (2013). Determinants of Consumer's Willingness to Purchase Gray-Market Smartphones. Journal of Business Ethics, 114, 409-424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1358-7

Martinez, L. F., & Jaeger, D. S. (2016). Ethical decision making in counterfeit purchase situations: The influence of moral awareness and moral emotions on moral judgment and purchase intentions. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 33(3), 213-223 https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-04-2015-1394

Marticotte, F., & Arcand, M. (2017). Schadenfreude, attitude and the purchase intentions of a counterfeit luxury brand. Journal of Business Research, 77, 175-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.12.010

Matos,C., Ituassu,C. and Rossi,C., (2007). Consumer attitudes toward counterfeits: A review and extension. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 24(1), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760710720975

Mayasari, I., Haryanto, H. C., Wiadi, I., Wijanarko, A. A., & Abdillah, W. (2022). Counterfeit purchase intention of fashion brands: The personal values and social aspect of consumers as determinants. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 24(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.54660

Moores, T,. Chang, J,. (2016). Ethical decision making in software piracy: Initial development and test of a four component model. MIS Quarterly, 30(1), 167-180. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148722

Nagar, K., & Singh, V. P. (2021). Modelling the effects of materialism, ethics and variety-seeking behaviour on counterfeit consumption of young consumers. Global Business Review, 22(4), 996-1009. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918818015

Penz, E., Bodo B. Schlegelmilch and Barbara Stö ttinger (2009). Voluntary Purchase of Counterfeit Products: Empirical Evidence from Four Countries. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 21(1), 67-84 https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530802125456

Phau, I., & Dix, S. (2009). Consumers' willingness to knowingly purchase counterfeit products. Direct Marketing: An International Journal, 3(4), 262-281. https://doi.org/10.1108/17505930911000865

Phau, I., &Teah, M. (2009). Devil wears (counterfeit) Prada: A study of antecedents and outcomes of attitudes towards counterfeits of luxury brands. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 26(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760910927019

Phau, I., and Y. S. Leng. (2008). Attitudes toward domestic and foreign luxury brand apparel: A comparison between status and non-status seeking teenagers. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 12(1), 68-89. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020810857952

Rerkklang, P. (2018). Sustainability development consciousness and behavior of Thais: The effects on quality of life and happiness. Journal of Advances in Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 51-59.

Rizwan, M., Jamal, M. N., Zareen, K. G., Khan, A., Farhat, B., & Khan, R. (2013). The determinants of purchase intention towards counterfeit mobile phones in Pakistan. Asian Journal of Empirical Research, 3(2), 220-236.

Saboor, A., Hussain, M., & Munir, M. (2009). Impact of micro credit in alleviating poverty: An Insight from rural Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 7(1), 90-97.

Sagar, M., Khandelwal, R., Mittal, A., & Singh, D. (2011). Ethical Positioning Index an innovative tool for differential brand positioning. Corporate Communications: An international Journal, 16, 124-138. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563281111141651

Shan, J., Jiang, L., Peng Cui, A., Wang, Y., & Ivzhenko, Y. (2022). How and when actual-ideal self-discrepancy leads to counterfeit luxury purchase intention: A moderated mediation model. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 46(3), 818-830. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12730

Sharma, P., Chan, R. Y., Davcik, N., & Ueno, A. (2022). Cultural differences in deliberate counterfeit purchase behavior. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 40(1), 121-137. https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-10-2020-0460

Shin, D. C., & Jin, B. E. (2021). Do fur coats symbolize status or stigma? Examining the effect of perceived stigma on female consumers' purchase intentions toward fur coats. Fashion and Textiles, 8(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-020-00229-2

Singh, D. P., Kastanakis, M. N., Paul, J., & Felix, R. (2021). Non-Deceptive Counterfeit Purchase Behavior of Luxury Fashion Products. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 20(5), 1078-1091. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1917

Singh, L. R., & Sahni, S. K. (2019). Materialism as Predictor of Purchase Intention Towards Counterfeit Products: A Conceptual Framework. IUP Journal of Management Research, 18(1).

Sirfraz, M., Sabir, H. M., & Naz, H. N. (2014). How attitude influences the customers' buying intentions for counterfeit tablet PC: A study of a computer market in central Punjab, Pakistan. Studies, 3(2).

Souiden, N., Ladhari, R., & Zarrouk Amri, A. (2018). Is buying counterfeit sinful? Investigation of consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions of counterfeit products in a Muslim country. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 42(6), 687-703. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12466

Stumpf, S., Chaudhry, P., &Perretta, L. (2011). Can business stanch the flow of counterfeit products. Journal of Business Strategy, 4-12. https://doi.org/10.1108/02756661111109725

Ting, M. S., Goh, Y. N., & Isa, S. M. (2016). Determining consumer purchase intentions toward counterfeit luxury goods in Malaysia. Asia Pacific Management Review, 21(4), 219-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2016.07.003

Tseng, W. Y., Chiu, W., & Leng, H. K. (2021). A comparative study of consumers' intention to purchase counterfeit outdoor products in Taiwan and Hong Kong. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, 28(3), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABES-02-2020-0011

Tunçel, N. (2022). Willingness to purchase counterfeit luxury brands: A cross-cultural comparison. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 46(2), 494-514. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12696

Turkyilmaz, C. A., & Uslu, A. (2014). The role of individual characteristics on consumers' counterfeit purchasing intentions: Research in fashion industry. Journal of Management Marketing and Logistics, 1(3), 259-275.

Valgerisson, F. A. (2007). The effect of life values and materialism on buying counterfeit products. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 36, 677-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2007.01.004

Vida, I. (2017). Determinants of Consumer Willingness to Purchase Non-Deceptive Counterfeit Products. Managing Global Transitions, 5(3), 253-270.

Wilcox K, Kim HM, Sen S., (2009). Why do consumers buy counterfeit luxury brands? Journal of Marketing Research, 46(2), 247-293. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.46.2.247

Yoo, B., & Lee, S.-H. (2009). Buy Genuine Luxury Fashion Products or Counterfeits. Advances in Consumer Research, 36, 280-286.

Yunos, M. A. H. B. M., & Abdul Lasi, M. Bin. (2020). Factors Affecting Consumers' Intention to Purchase Counterfeit Products in Fashion Industry. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(10), 939-949 https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i10/8013

Published
2023-01-27
How to Cite
Ammar Hussain. (2023). Counterfeit Intentions of Pakistani Consumers: Effect of Personal and Social Orientation on Counterfeit Purchasing Intentions. Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(1), 44-55. https://doi.org/10.33152/jmphss-7.1.5
Section
Articles